Orchidopexy Surgery for Undescended Testis
Specialized evaluation and surgical treatment for undescended, retractile or abnormally positioned testis by an experienced genito-urinary reconstructive surgeon.
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Overview
What is Orchidopexy?
Orchidopexy is a surgical procedure performed to move an undescended or abnormally positioned testis into the scrotum and secure it in the correct position. It is most commonly performed for cryptorchidism, a condition in which one or both testicles have not descended naturally into the scrotum.
The testis normally develops inside the abdomen and descends into the scrotum before birth. In some children, this descent is incomplete and the testis may remain in the groin or abdomen.
Orchidopexy helps place the testis in a more natural position, making examination easier and supporting long-term testicular health and fertility potential.
Important: Early evaluation is recommended because delaying treatment for an undescended testis may increase the risk of fertility problems, testicular damage and other complications.
Indications
Who May Need Orchidopexy?
Undescended Testis
The most common indication is when one or both testicles have not descended into the scrotum.
Testis Located in the Groin
A testicle may be felt in the inguinal canal but cannot remain properly positioned inside the scrotum.
Intra-Abdominal Testis
In some patients, the testicle remains inside the abdomen and may require laparoscopic evaluation and surgery.
Ascending Testis
A previously descended testicle may move upward and no longer remain consistently inside the scrotum.
Testicular Torsion
Orchidopexy may also be performed to secure the testis after torsion treatment and reduce the risk of future twisting.
Abnormal Testicular Position
Selected patients with an abnormally mobile or high-positioned testicle may require specialist evaluation.
Symptoms
Signs That Need Specialist Evaluation
- One testicle is missing from the scrotum
- Testicle repeatedly moves out of the scrotum
- Empty or underdeveloped side of the scrotum
- Difficulty locating the testicle during examination
- Testicle felt in the groin instead of the scrotum
- Groin swelling associated with an undescended testis
- One testicle appears higher than the other
- Sudden severe testicular pain, which may suggest torsion and requires urgent medical attention
Evaluation
How We Evaluate Before Orchidopexy
A careful physical examination is the most important step in determining the location and condition of the testis.
Evaluation may include:
- Medical History – assessment of birth history, previous examinations, symptoms and previous surgeries.
- Physical Examination – evaluation of whether the testis is palpable in the groin or scrotum.
- Assessment of Both Testes – comparison of size, position and development.
- Ultrasound – may be used in selected cases, although it is not always required for a clearly palpable testis.
- Laparoscopic Evaluation – may be recommended when the testis cannot be felt and an intra-abdominal testis is suspected.
- Associated Hernia Assessment – undescended testis may sometimes occur with an inguinal hernia.
- Treatment Planning – surgical approach is selected according to the location and mobility of the testis.
Treatment
Orchidopexy Treatment Options
Why Choose Us
Why Choose Dr. Gautam Banga for Orchidopexy?
Reconstructive Urology Expertise
Experienced in genito-urinary and male genital reconstructive procedures.
Individual Surgical Planning
Treatment is planned according to the exact location, mobility and condition of the testis.
Complex & High Testis Cases
Evaluation and management of palpable, non-palpable and intra-abdominal undescended testes.
Minimally Invasive Options
Laparoscopic techniques may be used when appropriate for intra-abdominal or non-palpable testes.
Dr. Gautam Banga
Consultant Andrologist & Genito-Urinary Reconstructive Surgeon
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Frequently Asked Questions
Orchidopexy is a surgical procedure in which an undescended or abnormally positioned testis is moved into the scrotum and secured in place.
The procedure is most commonly performed to treat an undescended testis. It may also be used after testicular torsion or in selected cases where the testis is abnormally mobile or positioned.
Children with an undescended testis should be evaluated early. If the testis does not descend naturally during infancy, surgical treatment is generally recommended during early childhood according to specialist advice.
Orchidopexy is a commonly performed procedure and is usually completed through a small groin or scrotal incision. More complex intra-abdominal cases may require laparoscopic or staged surgery.
An undescended testis itself can affect fertility potential. Moving the testis into the scrotum at an appropriate age may help preserve testicular function, although fertility depends on several factors including whether one or both testes are affected.
Some testes descend naturally during the first months of life. If the testis remains undescended beyond the expected period, specialist evaluation is important.
Untreated undescended testes may have a higher risk of impaired fertility, testicular damage, torsion, inguinal hernia and later testicular cancer.
Orchidopexy does not completely eliminate every long-term risk, but it allows easier examination and monitoring.
Laparoscopic orchidopexy is a minimally invasive procedure used mainly when the testis is located inside the abdomen or cannot be felt on examination.
A small camera helps locate the testis and guide surgical treatment.
Yes. If both testes are undescended, bilateral orchidopexy may be required. The exact surgical plan depends on their location and condition.